A practical, numbers-first playbook to convert Indonesian vannamei HOSO prices into finished PND net costs in 2025. Includes realistic yield benchmarks by count size, step-by-step formulas, example calculations, processing cost ranges, and what to allow for rejects, glaze, and seasonal variance.
If you can turn a farmgate HOSO quote into a landed PND net price in your head, you win faster. In our plants, that conversion sits at the center of every buying decision. This guide is the exact way we cost Indonesian vannamei HOSO to PUD and PND in 2025 so you can benchmark your suppliers, tighten specs, and avoid nasty surprises.
The 3 pillars of accurate HOSO-to-PND costing
- Yield. Head, shell, vein, tail and trim determine how much finished weight you keep. By count size and season, yield shifts by several points. That moves your price more than any nickel in raw material.
- Processing cost. Labor, IQF energy, QA, packaging and overhead are real. Indonesia is efficient, but costs rose in the last six months with electricity and wage adjustments.
- Pack-out discipline. Glaze, drip, melanosis control and defect sorting change both real cost and customer experience. One percent here is the difference between winning and losing a bid.
2025 yield benchmarks for Indonesian vannamei
These are realistic HOSO to PND tail-off yields for farmed vannamei in Indonesia when handled within 8–14 hours post-harvest and processed under controlled temperatures. PUD and PDTO references included for comparison.
- 21/25: PND TO 45–48%. PUD 47–50%. PDTO 46–49%.
- 26/30: PND TO 44–47%. PUD 46–49%. PDTO 45–48%.
- 31/40: PND TO 41–45%. PUD 43–47%. PDTO 42–46%.
- 41/50: PND TO 39–42%. PUD 41–44%. PDTO 40–43%.
- 51/60: PND TO 36–40%. PUD 38–42%. PDTO 37–41%.
- 61/70: PND TO 34–38%. PUD 36–40%. PDTO 35–39%.
What pushes yields up or down? Shell hardness and head ratio. Rainy-season harvests and soft shells trend lower. Longer pond holding and high feed before harvest can bump head ratio. That costs you yield. We routinely see a 1.5–3.0 point swing just from seasonality.
What is a realistic HOSO-to-PND yield for Indonesian 41/50 vannamei in 2025?
Plan on 40% for PND tail-off under good conditions. Tight specs and fast ice-to-plant logistics can achieve 41–42%. Hot-season or long transport can slide you to 39%.
Do yields vary by count size and harvest season in Indonesia?
Yes. Larger shrimp generally yield higher percentages because head and shell are a smaller share of total weight. Season matters. Dry-season, hard-shell lots run higher. Rainy-season and soft shells run lower. Build a 1.5–2.5 point variance into your budgets by month.
Step-by-step: Convert HOSO to finished PND net price
Here is the formula we train new buyers on. Use net weights, not glazed.
- Effective PND yield = Base PND yield × (1 − reject allowance)
- Raw material cost per kg finished = HOSO price ÷ Effective PND yield
- Total PND net cost ex-works = Raw material cost per kg finished + Processing cost per kg finished
- If you quote per glazed kg, Glazed price = Net price × (1 − glaze %)
Worked example: $3.80/kg HOSO 41/50 to PND net price
Assumptions we see weekly:
- HOSO price: $3.80/kg
- Base PND yield for 41/50: 40%
- Reject allowance: 2% on raw (melanosis, soft shell, broken)
- Processing cost PND IQF net: $1.05/kg finished
- Effective yield = 0.40 × (1 − 0.02) = 0.392
- Raw cost per kg finished = 3.80 ÷ 0.392 = $9.69
- Ex-works PND net cost = $9.69 + $1.05 = $10.74/kg net
- If packing with 20% glaze and quoting per glazed kg: $10.74 × 0.80 = $8.59/kg glazed
- Net to pound for reference: $10.74 ÷ 2.2046 = $4.87/lb net
Run the same math for 31/40 using 43% base yield and you will usually land in a similar raw-cost-per-finished band. Processing cost per kg stays roughly constant, so yield is the main swing factor.
Need a quick check on your current spec and supplier data before placing a PO? If you want us to sanity-check your numbers against our recent pack-outs, feel free to Contact us on whatsapp.
Processing costs in Indonesia for PND IQF in 2025
What we budget for standard natural PND tail-off IQF, export spec, carton pack:
- Labor and trim: $0.28–$0.40/kg finished
- Utilities and IQF freezing: $0.06–$0.10
- QA, sanitation, depreciation, overhead: $0.18–$0.28
- Packaging (poly, labels, master carton): $0.14–$0.22
- Additives for melanosis control and brine as permitted by spec: $0.03–$0.05 Typical total conversion cost: $0.80–$1.20/kg finished net. Retail IVP or small consumer packs add $0.20–$0.40/kg.
In my experience, the lowest numbers often mask higher rejects, shorter counts or weak glaze control. Cheap is expensive if your net recovery drops.
How much weight is lost to head, shell and vein removal?
Roughly speaking for 41/50 vannamei HOSO to PND tail-off:
- Head removal: about 35–38%
- Shell removal: about 18–22%
- Vein and trim loss: about 2–3% That puts you near 40% PND. Tail-on specifications add back about 0.7–1.5 percentage points depending on tail length.
What processing cost per kg should I budget in Indonesia for PND IQF?
Use $0.95/kg as a mid-case for 2025 across normal volumes, rising to $1.20/kg if you need tight size grading, special packing, heavy QA or strict zero-additive specs.
Glaze, net weight, and price conversions
Never compare glazed price to net price without converting. Two quick rules we use.
- Net price from a glazed quote: Net price = Glazed price ÷ (1 − glaze %)
- Glazed price from a net quote: Glazed price = Net price × (1 − glaze %) Example. If your supplier quotes $8.60/kg at 20% glaze, that is $8.60 ÷ 0.80 = $10.75/kg net. The same math is true in reverse.
What reject allowance should I include?
For well-handled Indonesian vannamei, 1.5–2.5% on raw weight typically covers melanosis, soft shell and broken pieces at PND. Rainy-season and long transport can push that to 3–4%. If you are targeting very strict visual specs, add a further 0.5–1.0% for rework.
Difference between PUD and PND yields and costs
PUD retains 1.5–2.5 points more yield than PND. Labor is slightly lower because there is no deveining cut. So if your application allows it, PUD can be more cost-efficient per net kg. PDTO splits the difference. You keep tail weight but add deveining labor.
Less-obvious factors that move your costs
- Size variation hurts yield more than you think. A mixed 41/50 that drifts into 51/60 at peeling time costs you about 1 point of yield and more rework. We insist on tight grading before peeling.
- Moisture pickup and drip loss. Proper pre-chill and a controlled dewatering step reduce drip loss on thaw by 0.5–1.5%. That is money. Over-soaking to chase weight backfires on cook tests and repeat orders.
- Count-shift in freezing. If you glaze heavily and let product bounce on the belt, tails shear. That turns into shorts and rework. Good belt discipline shows up on your P&L.
Common mistakes buyers make
- Using a single yield number across all seasons and sizes. Always maintain a yield band by count and season.
- Ignoring reject allowances in the formula. If you forget rejects, you underprice by 2–4% instantly.
- Comparing glazed price to net price. Always convert before you conclude a quote is cheaper.
- Squeezing conversion cost unrealistically. You will pay for it in quality, then in claims.
Quick answers to frequent questions
- How do I convert a farmgate HOSO price to an export PND net price? Use the four-step formula above. The only debate is which yield and reject allowance to use. We recommend base yield by count plus 2% rejects in rainy season, 1.5% in dry season.
- 41/50 Indonesian PND IQF conversion factor? Use 0.40 base for PND tail-off. Multiply by 0.98 if you allow 2% rejects. Effective factor 0.392.
- How does glaze change my final price? Glaze reduces the per kg glazed price. Always express offers in net or convert both to the same basis.
If you need Indonesian shrimp in multiple specs, we process farmed vannamei and black tiger in HOSO, HLSO, PUD, PND and PDTO. See our current formats here: Frozen Shrimp (Black Tiger, Vannamei & Wild Caught). You can also browse more species and formats here: View our products.
Our experience shows that once you standardize this math, negotiations go faster and claims go down. Bring your upcoming PO assumptions and we will pressure-test the yields and rejects against our last six months of pack-outs. Questions about your project or spec tweaks? Contact us on whatsapp.